Amidst all the buzz about the 25% tariff that US President Donald Trump slapped on Indian goods back in July, things got even spicier with another 25% hike announced on August 6th—set to kick in on August 27th. Let’s chill and dive into the trade vibes between India and the US, and check out what’s…

PPT Slides – For Classroom Presentation PDF Handout Introduction The balance of power theory is a central concept in international relations that posits global stability is best maintained when power is distributed among multiple states, preventing any one country from achieving dominance over the others. According to this theory, states act to secure their own…

PPT Slides – Teaching Aid Printable PDF Introduction Information Technology (IT) has emerged as a transformative force in modern governance, profoundly reshaping the functioning of Indian administration. As the world’s largest democracy, India has leveraged IT to improve the efficiency, transparency, and inclusiveness of public service delivery. Digital technologies now play an essential role in…

PPT Slides – Teaching Aid Printable PDF Importance of Values and Ethics in Indian Administration Building Trust and Credibility Values and ethics are the foundation of an effective and trustworthy administrative system in India. When public officials and civil servants act ethically—prioritizing integrity, transparency, and fairness—it enhances public trust and builds the credibility of government…

Slides – Teaching Aid Introduction: War is a form of armed conflict that occurs between states, governments, societies, or organized groups, typically characterized by extreme violence, widespread destruction, and high mortality rates. Throughout history, war has shaped nations and civilizations, often arising from causes such as political disputes, economic interests, territorial claims, religious differences, and…

Slides – Teaching Aid Introduction The “end of ideology” thesis argues that classic ideological conflicts in world politics—especially those rooted in grand, all-encompassing theories—have diminished in importance. Instead, pragmatism and consensus on certain core values, approaches, and institutions have come to dominate international relations, especially since the mid-20th century. Key Thinkers and the Thesis Daniel…

Slides – Teaching Aid What Is Postmodernism? Postmodernism in international relations (IR) is a critical approach that challenges the assumptions, language, and “grand narratives” of traditional IR theories like realism and liberalism. Rather than seeing the world as governed by fixed, objective truths and clear hierarchies, postmodernists argue that reality, power, and even the idea of…

Slides – Teaching Aid Introduction Critical International Theory represents a broad family of approaches in IR that seek to challenge and transform prevailing structures of power, knowledge, and identity in world politics. Rooted in philosophical traditions such as Marxism and influenced by the Frankfurt School, Critical Theory interrogates the status quo rather than accepting it as…

Slides – Teaching Aid Introduction Social constructivism is a major theory within International Relations (IR) that emphasizes the significance of ideas, beliefs, and shared meanings in the formation of international systems, their behavior, and outcomes. Unlike realism and liberalism—which stress material power and institutions—constructivism argues that the global political landscape is shaped primarily through social…